Leica CL vs Nikon D3500

The Leica CL (Typ 7323) and the Nikon D3500 are two digital cameras that were revealed to the public, respectively, in November 2017 and August 2018. The CL is a mirrorless interchangeable lens camera, while the D3500 is a DSLR. Both cameras are equipped with an APS-C sensor. The Leica has a resolution of 24.1 megapixels, whereas the Nikon provides 24 MP.

Below is an overview of the main specs of the two cameras as a starting point for the comparison.

Headline Specifications

Leica CL		Nikon D3500
Mirrorless system camera		Digital single lens reflex
Leica T mount lenses		Nikon F mount lenses
24.1 MP, APS-C Sensor		24 MP, APS-C Sensor
4K/30p Video		1080/60p Video
ISO 100-50,000		ISO 100-25,600
Electronic viewfinder (2360k dots)		Optical viewfinder
3.0 LCD, 1040k dots		3.0 LCD, 921k dots
Fixed touchscreen		Fixed screen (not touch-sensitive)
10 shutter flaps per second		5 shutter flaps per second
220 shots per battery charge		1550 shots per battery charge
131 x 78 x 45 mm, 403 g		124 x 97 x 70 mm, 365 g

Going beyond this snapshot of core features and characteristics, what are the differences between the Leica CL (Typ 7323) and the Nikon D3500? Which one should you buy? Read on to find out how these two cameras compare with respect to their body size, their imaging sensors, their shooting features, their input-output connections, and their reception by expert reviewers.

Body comparison

The physical size and weight of the Leica CL and the Nikon D3500 are illustrated in the side-by-side display below. The two cameras are presented according to their relative size. Three successive views from the front, the top, and the rear are shown. All width, height and depth dimensions are rounded to the nearest millimeter.

If the front view area (width x height) of the cameras is taken as an aggregate measure of their size, the Nikon D3500 is notably larger (18 percent) than the Leica CL. However, the D3500 is markedly lighter (9 percent) than the CL. In this context, it is worth noting that neither the CL nor the D3500 are weather-sealed.

The above size and weight comparisons are to some extent incomplete since they do not consider the interchangeable lenses that both of these cameras require. Hence, you might want to study and compare the specifications of available lenses in order to get the full picture of the size and weight of the two camera systems.

Concerning battery life, the CL gets 220 shots out of its BP-DC12 battery, while the D3500 can take 1550 images on a single charge of its EN-EL14a power pack.

The adjacent table lists the principal physical characteristics of the two cameras alongside a wider set of alternatives. In case you want to display and compare another camera duo, you can use the CAM-parator app to select your camera combination among a large number of options.

Body Specifications

	Camera Model	Camera Width	Camera Height	Camera Depth	Camera Weight	Battery Life	Weather Sealing	Camera Launch	Launch Price (USD)	Street Price
	Leica CL	5.2 in	3.1 in	1.8 in	14.2 oz	220	n	Nov 2017	2,795
	Nikon D3500	4.9 in	3.8 in	2.8 in	12.9 oz	1550	n	Aug 2018	429
	Canon M100	4.3 in	2.6 in	1.4 in	10.7 oz	295	n	Aug 2017	499
	Fujifilm X-A7	4.7 in	2.7 in	1.6 in	11.3 oz	440	n	Sep 2019	499
	Fujifilm X-T100	4.8 in	3.3 in	1.9 in	15.8 oz	430	n	May 2018	599
	Fujifilm X-E3	4.8 in	2.9 in	1.7 in	11.9 oz	350	n	Sep 2017	899
	Fujifilm X-T20	4.6 in	3.3 in	1.6 in	13.5 oz	350	n	Jan 2017	899
	Fujifilm X-A3	4.6 in	2.6 in	1.6 in	12.0 oz	410	n	Aug 2016	399
	Leica C-LUX	4.4 in	2.6 in	1.8 in	12.0 oz	370	n	Jun 2018	1,049
	Leica TL2	5.3 in	2.7 in	1.3 in	14.1 oz	250	n	Jul 2017	1,950
	Leica TL	5.3 in	2.7 in	1.3 in	13.5 oz	400	n	Nov 2016	1,695
	Leica T	5.3 in	2.7 in	1.3 in	13.5 oz	400	n	Apr 2014	1,850
	Nikon D5600	4.9 in	3.8 in	2.8 in	16.4 oz	970	n	Nov 2016	699
	Nikon D3400	4.9 in	3.9 in	3.0 in	15.7 oz	1200	n	Aug 2016	499
	Nikon D3300	4.9 in	3.9 in	3.0 in	15.2 oz	700	n	Jan 2014	499
Notes: Measurements and pricing do not include easily detachable parts, such as add-on or interchangeable lenses or optional viewfinders.
Convert to Metric

Any camera decision will obviously take relative prices into account. The manufacturer’s suggested retail prices give an idea on the placement of the camera in the maker’s lineup and the broader market. The D3500 was launched at a markedly lower price (by 85 percent) than the CL, which puts it into a different market segment. Usually, retail prices stay at first close to the launch price, but after several months, discounts become available. Later in the product cycle and, in particular, when the replacement model is about to appear, further discounting and stock clearance sales often push the camera price considerably down.

Sensor comparison

The size of the sensor inside a digital camera is one of the key determinants of image quality. All other things equal, a large sensor will have larger individual pixel-units that offer better low-light sensitivity, wider dynamic range, and richer color-depth than smaller pixels in a sensor of the same technological generation. Moreover, a large sensor camera will give the photographer more control over depth-of-field in the image and, thus, the ability to better isolate a subject from the background. On the downside, larger sensors tend to be associated with larger, more expensive camera bodies and lenses.

Both cameras under consideration feature an APS-C sensor, but their sensors differ slightly in size. The sensor area in the D3500 is 1 percent smaller. They nevertheless have the same format factor of 1.5. Both cameras have a native aspect ratio (sensor width to sensor height) of 3:2.

With 24.1MP, the CL offers a slightly higher resolution than the D3500 (24MP), but the CL nevertheless has marginally larger individual pixels (pixel pitch of 3.92μm versus 3.91μm for the D3500) due to its larger sensor. However, the D3500 is a somewhat more recent model (by 9 months) than the CL, and its sensor might have benefitted from technological advances during this time that enhance the light gathering capacity of its pixels. Coming back to sensor resolution, it should be mentioned that neither of the two cameras has an anti-alias filter installed, so they are able to capture all the detail the sensor resolves.

The Leica CL (Typ 7323) has a native sensitivity range from ISO 100 to ISO 50000. The corresponding ISO settings for the Nikon D3500 are ISO 100 to ISO 25600 (no boost).

For many cameras, data on sensor performance has been reported by DXO Mark. This service is based on lab testing and assigns an overall score to each camera sensor, as well as ratings for dynamic range ("DXO Landscape"), color depth ("DXO Portrait"), and low-light sensitivity ("DXO Sports"). The following table provides an overview of the physical sensor characteristics, as well as the sensor quality measurements for a selection of comparators.

Sensor Characteristics

	Camera Model	Sensor Class	Resolution (MP)	Horiz. Pixels	Vert. Pixels	Video Format	DXO Portrait	DXO Landscape	DXO Sports	DXO Overall
	Leica CL	APS-C	24.1	6014	4014	4K/30p	..	..	..	..
	Nikon D3500	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	1080/60p	..	..	..	..
	Canon M100	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	1080/60p	23.5	12.9	1272	78
	Fujifilm X-A7	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	4K/30p	..	..	..	..
	Fujifilm X-T100	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	4K/15p	..	..	..	..
	Fujifilm X-E3	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	4K/30p	..	..	..	..
	Fujifilm X-T20	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	4K/30p	..	..	..	..
	Fujifilm X-A3	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	1080/60p	..	..	..	..
	Leica C-LUX	1-inch	20.0	5472	3648	4K/30p	..	..	..	..
	Leica TL2	APS-C	24.1	6014	4014	4K/30p	..	..	..	..
	Leica TL	APS-C	16.1	4928	3264	1080/30p	..	..	..	..
	Leica T	APS-C	16.2	4944	3278	1080/30p	23.0	12.7	1082	75
	Nikon D5600	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	1080/60p	24.1	14.0	1306	84
	Nikon D3400	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	1080/60p	24.8	13.9	1192	86
	Nikon D3300	APS-C	24.0	6000	4000	1080/60p	24.3	12.8	1385	82

Many modern cameras are not only capable of taking still images, but can also record movies. Both cameras under consideration are equipped with sensors that have a sufficiently high read-out speed for moving images, but the CL provides a higher video resolution than the D3500. It can shoot video footage at 4K/30p, while the Nikon is limited to 1080/60p.

Feature comparison

Beyond body and sensor, cameras can and do differ across a range of features. For example, the CL has an electronic viewfinder (2360k dots), while the D3500 has an optical one. Both systems have their advantages, with the electronic viewfinder making it possible to project supplementary shooting information into the framing view, whereas the optical viewfinder offers lag-free viewing and a very clear framing image. The viewfinder in the CL offers a wider field of view (100%) than the one in the D3500 (95%), so that a larger proportion of the captured image is visible in the finder. On the other hand, the viewfinder of the D3500 has a higher magnification (0.57x vs 0.49x), so that the size of the image transmitted appears closer to the size seen with the naked human eye. The adjacent table lists some of the other core features of the Leica CL and Nikon D3500 along with similar information for a selection of comparators.

Core Features

	Camera Model	Viewfinder (Type or 000 dots)	Control Panel (yes/no)	LCD Size (inch)	LCD Resolution (000 dots)	LCD Attach- ment	Touch Screen (yes/no)	Mech Shutter Speed	Shutter Flaps (1/sec)	Built-in Flash (yes/no)	Built-in Image Stab
	Leica CL	2360	Y	3.0	1040	fixed	Y	1/8000s	10.0	n	n
	Nikon D3500	optical	n	3.0	921	fixed	n	1/4000s	5.0	Y	n
	Canon M100	none	n	3.0	1040	tilting	Y	1/4000s	6.1	Y	n
	Fujifilm X-A7	none	n	3.5	2760	swivel	Y	1/4000s	6.0	Y	n
	Fujifilm X-T100	2360	n	3.0	1040	full-flex	Y	1/4000s	6.0	Y	n
	Fujifilm X-E3	2360	n	3.0	1040	fixed	Y	1/4000s	8.0	n	n
	Fujifilm X-T20	2360	n	3.0	1040	tilting	Y	1/4000s	8.0	Y	n
	Fujifilm X-A3	none	n	3.0	1040	tilting	Y	1/4000s	6.0	Y	n
	Leica C-LUX	2330	n	3.0	1240	fixed	Y	1/2000s	10.0	Y	Y
	Leica TL2	optional	n	3.7	1230	fixed	Y	1/4000s	7.0	n	n
	Leica TL	optional	n	3.7	1230	fixed	Y	1/4000s	5.0	Y	n
	Leica T	optional	n	3.7	1300	fixed	Y	1/4000s	5.0	Y	n
	Nikon D5600	optical	n	3.2	1037	swivel	Y	1/4000s	5.0	Y	n
	Nikon D3400	optical	n	3.0	921	fixed	n	1/4000s	5.0	Y	n
	Nikon D3300	optical	n	3.0	921	fixed	n	1/4000s	5.0	Y	n

One feature that is present on the CL, but is missing on the D3500 is a top-level LCD. While being, of course, smaller than the rear screen, the control panel conveys some of the essential shooting information and can be convenient for quick and easy settings verification.

The reported shutter speed information refers to the use of the mechanical shutter. Yet, some cameras only have an electronic shutter, while others have an electronic shutter in addition to a mechanical one. In fact, the CL is one of those camera that have an additional electronic shutter, which makes completely silent shooting possible. However, this mode is less suitable for photographing moving objects (risk of rolling shutter) or shooting under artificial light sources (risk of flickering).

The Leica CL has an intervalometer built-in. This enables the photographer to capture time lapse sequences, such as flower blooming, a sunset or moon rise, without purchasing an external camera trigger and related software.

Concerning the storage of imaging data, both the CL and the D3500 write their files to SDXC cards. The CL supports UHS-II cards (Ultra High Speed data transfer of up to 312 MB/s), while the D3500 can use UHS-I cards (up to 104 MB/s).

Connectivity comparison

For some imaging applications, the extent to which a camera can communicate with its environment can be an important aspect in the camera decision process. The table below provides an overview of the connectivity of the Leica CL (Typ 7323) and Nikon D3500 and, in particular, the interfaces the cameras (and selected comparators) provide for accessory control and data transfer.

Input-Output Connections

	Camera Model	Hotshoe Port	Internal Microphone	Internal Speaker	Microphone Port	Headphone Port	HDMI Port	USB Port	WiFi Support	NFC Support	Bluetooth Support
	Leica CL	Y	stereo	mono	-	-	-	-	Y	-	-
	Nikon D3500	Y	mono	mono	-	-	mini	2.0	-	-	Y
	Canon M100	-	stereo	mono	-	-	micro	2.0	Y	Y	Y
	Fujifilm X-A7	Y	stereo	mono	Y	-	mini	2.0	Y	-	Y
	Fujifilm X-T100	Y	stereo	mono	Y	-	micro	2.0	Y	-	Y
	Fujifilm X-E3	Y	stereo	mono	Y	-	micro	2.0	Y	-	Y
	Fujifilm X-T20	Y	stereo	mono	Y	-	micro	2.0	Y	-	-
	Fujifilm X-A3	Y	stereo	mono	-	-	micro	2.0	Y	-	-
	Leica C-LUX	-	stereo	mono	-	-	micro	2.0	Y	-	-
	Leica TL2	Y	stereo	mono	-	-	micro	3.0	Y	-	-
	Leica TL	Y	stereo	mono	-	-	micro	2.0	Y	-	-
	Leica T	Y	stereo	mono	-	-	-	2.0	Y	-	-
	Nikon D5600	Y	stereo	mono	Y	-	mini	2.0	Y	Y	Y
	Nikon D3400	Y	mono	mono	-	-	mini	2.0	-	-	Y
	Nikon D3300	Y	mono	mono	Y	-	mini	2.0	-	-	-

It is notable that the CL offers wifi support, while the D3500 does not. Wifi can be a very convenient means to transfer image data to an off-camera location.

Both the CL and the D3500 are recent models that are part of the current product line-up. The D3500 replaced the earlier Nikon D3400, while the CL does not have a direct predecessor. Further information on the two cameras (e.g. user guides, manuals), as well as related accessories, can be found on the official Leica and Nikon websites.

Review summary

So what conclusions can be drawn? Is the Leica CL better than the Nikon D3500 or vice versa? A synthesis of the relative strong points of each of the models is listed below.

Advantages of the Leica CL (Typ 7323):

• Better video: Provides higher definition movie capture (4K/30p vs 1080/60p).
• More framing info: Has an electronic viewfinder that displays shooting data.
• More complete view: Has a viewfinder with a larger field of view (100% vs 95%).
• Easier setting verification: Features an LCD display on top to control shooting parameters.
• More detailed LCD: Has a higher resolution rear screen (1040k vs 921k dots).
• Fewer buttons to press: Is equipped with a touch-sensitive rear screen to facilitate handling.
• Faster shutter: Has higher mechanical shutter speed (1/8000s vs 1/4000s) to freeze action.
• Faster burst: Shoots at higher frequency (10 vs 5 flaps/sec) to capture the decisive moment.
• Less disturbing: Has an electronic shutter option for completely silent shooting.
• Easier time-lapse photography: Has an intervalometer built-in for low frequency shooting.
• More compact: Is smaller (131x78mm vs 124x97mm) and thus needs less room in the bag.
• More legacy lens friendly: Can take a broad range of non-native lenses via adapters.
• Easier file upload: Has wifi built in for automatic backup or image transfer to the web.
• Faster buffer clearing: Supports a more advanced SD data transfer standard (UHS-II vs UHS-I).
• More prestigious: Has the Leica luxury appeal, which ensures a high resale price.
• More heavily discounted: Has been on the market for longer (launched in November 2017).

Arguments in favor of the Nikon D3500:

• Brighter framing: Features an optical viewfinder for clear, lag-free composition.
• Larger viewfinder image: Features a viewfinder with a higher magnification (0.57x vs 0.49x).
• Longer lasting: Gets more shots (1550 versus 220) out of a single battery charge.
• Easier fill-in: Has a small integrated flash to brighten shadows of backlit subjects.
• Easier wireless transfer: Supports Bluetooth for image sharing without cables.
• More affordable: Was introduced into a lower priced category (85 percent cheaper at launch).
• More modern: Was introduced somewhat (9 months) more recently.

If the count of relative strengths (bullet points above) is taken as a measure, the CL is the clear winner of the match-up (16 : 7 points). However, the relevance of individual strengths will vary across photographers, so that you might want to apply your own weighing scheme to the summary points when reflecting and deciding on a new camera. A professional wedding photographer will view the differences between cameras in a way that diverges from the perspective of a travel photog, and a person interested in cityscapes has distinct needs from a macro shooter. Hence, the decision which camera is best and worth buying is often a very personal one.

How about other alternatives? Do the specifications of the Leica CL and the Nikon D3500 place the cameras among the top in their class? Find out in the latest Best Mirrorless Interchangeable Lens Camera and Best DSLR Camera listings whether the two cameras rank among the cream of the crop.

In any case, while the comparison of the spec-sheets of cameras can offer a general idea of their imaging potential, it remains incomplete and does no justice, for example, to the way the CL or the D3500 perform in practice. At times, user reviews, such as those published at amazon, address these issues in a useful manner, but such feedback is on many occasions incomplete, inconsistent, and unreliable.

Expert reviews

This is why expert reviews are important. The adjacent summary-table relays the overall verdicts of several of the most popular camera review sites (cameralabs, dpreview, ephotozine, imaging-resource, and photographyblog). As can be seen, the professional reviewers agree in many cases on the quality of different cameras, but sometimes their assessments diverge, reinforcing the earlier point that a camera decision is often a very personal choice.

Review Scores

	Camera Model	camera   labs	dp review	ephoto   zine	imaging resource	photography   blog	Camera Launch	Launch Price (USD)	Street Price
	Leica CL	..	..	..	..	4/5	Nov 2017	2,795
	Nikon D3500	..	75/100	4/5	4.5/5	4.5/5	Aug 2018	429
	Canon M100	+	..	4/5	..	3.5/5	Aug 2017	499
	Fujifilm X-A7	..	81/100	4/5	..	3.5/5	Sep 2019	499
	Fujifilm X-T100	+	79/100	4/5	..	4.5/5	May 2018	599
	Fujifilm X-E3	+	84/100	4.5/5	4.5/5	4.5/5	Sep 2017	899
	Fujifilm X-T20	+ +	82/100	5/5	..	4.5/5	Jan 2017	899
	Fujifilm X-A3	..	74/100	4.5/5	..	4/5	Aug 2016	399
	Leica C-LUX	..	..	4.5/5	..	4/5	Jun 2018	1,049
	Leica TL2	..	..	4/5	..	4/5	Jul 2017	1,950
	Leica TL	..	..	..	..	4/5	Nov 2016	1,695
	Leica T	..	..	4/5	..	4/5	Apr 2014	1,850
	Nikon D5600	..	79/100	4.5/5	4.5/5	4/5	Nov 2016	699
	Nikon D3400	+	76/100	4/5	4.5/5	4.5/5	Aug 2016	499
	Nikon D3300	+	77/100	4.5/5	4.5/5	4.5/5	Jan 2014	499
Notes: (+ +) highly recommended; (+) recommended; (o) reviewed; (..) not available.

The above review scores should be interpreted with care, though. The assessments were made in relation to similar cameras of the same technological generation. A score, therefore, has to be seen in close connection to the price and market introduction time of the camera, and comparing ratings of very distinct cameras or ones that are far apart in terms of their release date have little meaning. It should also be noted that some of the review sites have over time altered the way they render their verdicts.

Other camera comparisons

Did this review help to inform your camera decision process? In case you would like to check on the differences and similarities of other camera models, just make your choice using the following search menu. Alternatively, you can follow any of the listed hyperlinks for comparisons that others found interesting.

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Specifications: Leica CL vs Nikon D3500

Below is a side-by-side comparison of the specs of the two cameras to facilitate a quick review of their differences and common features.

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